Early Season Weed Control in Berry Crops
Laura McDermott, Team Leader, Small Fruit and Vegetable Specialist
Eastern New York Commercial Horticulture
First, make sure to understand the nomenclature when reading herbicide labels. Bushberries include blueberries, currants, gooseberries - all those multi-stem shrubs. Caneberries are brambles. Elderberries are usually in the category of bushberry, as are Juneberries.
Bushberries and Caneberries
One of the earliest herbicides that can be used is Casoron. Casuron has two different formulations: Casuron 4G (granular) can be used in bushberries, caneberries, and cranberries. The granular material should be applied before May 1st but the earlier the better. If you are applying it in April, make sure to apply before soil temperatures exceed 45 degree F and before any annual weed seeds germinate. Casoron CS (not labeled for Ribes) can be applied a bit later but still needs to be incorporated by rainfall before weed germination; it is labeled for 1 year old blueberries, as well as blackberry and raspberries if applied before new shoot emergence. Casoron controls annual grasses and broadleaves, as well as some perennial grasses. Follow Casuron with a post-emergent such as paraquat to kill pre emerged weeds or apply glyphosate when weeds are actively growing.
Another pre-emergent is Surflan. Again there are two formulations. Surflan AS can be used in non-bearing and bearing brambles at a rate of 20-40 gallons per acre. To broaden the spectrum of weed control, tank mix Gramaxone, Princep or Solicam. Irrigate product in to activate material. Surflan XL 2G can only be applied to non-bearing brambles.
Princep, Devrinol, Axxe, Solicam or Sinbar can all be applied for pre-emergent weed control in brambles and blueberries. These herbicides generally do not do a great job on all weeds and need to be evaluated as to your weed population and which tool makes the most sense.
Sandea and Velpar are two products that are only labeled for blueberries. They can both be applied in early spring although Sandea's real strength is that it controls nutsedge. This can only be accomplished as a post-emergent directed spray.
Velpar can be applied to bushes that are 3 years or older. It should be applied before the foliage on the lower limbs break bud. Effects of Velpar L vary from one soil type to another. I've seen growers use Velpar to control annual weeds, but it also seems to have some effect on perennial weeds as well.
Strawberries
Late winter or early spring after winter annual broadleaf weeds have broken dormancy, but before strawberries begin to grow, is a key time for herbicide application. Apply 2,4-D amine, Formula 40 or other labeled 2,4-D formulations, in late winter or early spring to control emerged winter annual broadleaf weeds.
Add Chateau to provide residual annual broadleaf weed control. Use 1 quart of Formula 40 per acre and 3 dry ounces of Chateau after the soil is no longer frozen but before strawberries break dormancy and begin to grow. Chateau can be used once in each calendar year. If Chateau was used in the late fall of last year, Chateau can be reapplied in the March or early April but not used again in the calendar year. The crop will "out-grow" small application injury that may occur, but do NOT apply after the crop has broken dormancy and begun to grow or lasting injury may result.
Note the pre-harvest interval (PHI) for Sinbar use in strawberries is 110 days. This effectively eliminates late winter and early spring applications of Sinbar to strawberries before harvest. A typical strawberry field grown using the matted row system begins to bloom about May 1st and harvest begins in late May or early June. The cut-off date for the 110 day PHI would be sometime in February and has already passed.
![more crops](images/more_crops_left_sm.gif)
![more crops](images/more_crops_right_sm,.gif)
Upcoming Events
ENY Orchard Soil Health and Beneficial Fungi Meeting
August 15, 2024 : ENY Orchard Soil Health and Beneficial Fungi Meeting
Peru, NY
Join the members of CCE ENYCHP and the Cornell Soil Health Program for a field meeting on the basics of soil health, the potential benefits of mycorrhizal fungi, and an update on the current project status of our SARE grant on orchard mycorrhizal products.
This meeting is intended for farmworkers, young and beginning orchardists, and experienced orchard managers wanting to learn about the basics of soil health and mycorrhizal fungi within the orchard.
North Point Community Farm Twilight Meeting
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August 19, 2024 : North Point Community Farm Twilight Meeting
Plattsburgh, NY
North Point Community Farm Twilight Meeting
Monday, August 19th 4-7 pm (rain or shine)
2172 Military Turnpike, Plattsburgh, NY 12901
$10 per farm
Join us for a tour of North Point Community Farm, a diversified vegetable, berry, and flower operation in the North Country. Farmers Marisa and Mike will give us an overview of their decision-making as they expand their business, increasing their high tunnel production, investing in new tillage equipment, and transforming an old dairy barn into an efficient wash-pack shed with food safety in mind. We'll end the evening with local food refreshments and an opportunity to network with growers from NY and VT.
DEC credits: 1.5 credits in categories 1A, 10, 23
Late Summer Orchard Meeting
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August 21, 2024
Fonda, NY
Join us for our last get together of the summer before we're in the thick of harvest. At this meeting, we will tour Sand Flats Orchard with manager Mitch Hoffman, and we will then discuss late season pest management tasks with our experts from the HVRL and Cornell AgriTech.
DEC Credits: 1.5 credits in categories 1A, 10, and 22.